Socialization of Maintaining Environmental Cleanliness in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic

The beginning of 2020 was an extraordinary event for the whole world. This is because almost all parts of the world are hit by the Covid-19 outbreak which causes unrest and has a big impact on every field. The COVID-19 pandemic makes people have to maintain their health by washing their hands, maintaining distance, not crowding, and maintaining cleanliness (Abidin, et al., 2021). Buhungo (2012) explained that environmental cleanliness is a condition where the environment is free from various kinds of dirt and disease that can cause losses to the community, both from activities and the environment. The condition of the COVID-19 pandemic forces every community to maintain cleanliness, both their personal hygiene and also the cleanliness of their environment. To provide assistance to the community, especially in the village of Kedisan Kintamani, the Faculty of Economics and BEM-FEB Universitas Pendidikan Nasional (UNDIKNAS) Denpasar collaborate in holding community social activities which are also under the auangan of LP2M and the Dean of FEB UNDIKNAS. The community social activities were held with the theme "Economy Social Care". This activity aims to help the community around Kedisan Kintamani village in maintaining the cleanliness of their surrounding environment. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Social Science (2720-9938) is the property of Ridwan Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Multi-level students' sense of community development in hybrid and online learning environments at higher educational institutions: A systematic literature review

The formulation of a sense of community (SOC) among students has received significant attention in the literature in recent years. However, digitally enhanced learning and COVID-19 have amplified the challenges vis-a-vis connecting students and making them feel involved and recognized in virtual learning ecologies for higher educational institutions (HEIs). This review examines the factors impacting students' SOC development in online and hybrid learning environments for HEIs. To provide a holistic view, we synthesize the streams of theoretical foundations on SOC for keyword search strategy and follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. In total, 128 empirical studies from 2015 to October 2022 are synthesized. One of the main contributions lies in disclosing the multiple levels of students' SOC formulation from a sociological perspective on HEIs. It further broadens our understanding of the dimensions, and the roles and responsibilities of key players, as well as the units involved in the social context of HEIs. The main findings reveal that HEIs should "circulate the blood" by integrating various key elements identified in pedagogy, instructor, learner, and extra-curriculum fields into the learning ecology for SOC facilitation to formulate an implicit curriculum and a more interactive, supportive, and caring environment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Indian Act Philanthropy: Why are Community Foundations Missing from Native Communities in Manitoba, Canada?: Revue Canadienne de Recherche sur les OSBL et l'Économie Sociale (ANSERJ)

Un modèle philanthropique axé sur le développement communautaire serait-il en train de renforcer les politiques coloniales plutôt que d'offrir des bénéfices économiques équitables? Cette étude analyse les transcriptions de vingt webinaires publics sur la philanthropie et la Loi sur les Indiens et évalue les 54 fondations communautaires établis au Manitoba, Canada. Ces 54 fondations servent seulement les villes et municipalités des colons-il n'y en a pas une seule dans les communautés autochtones. Comme elles ne desservent que leurs régions géographiques spécifiques, les fondations communautaires au Manitoba concentrent la richesse dans les villes et municipalités dominées par les colons, accaparant des ressources qui pourraient aider les communautés autochtones. Ce modèle philanthropique, en excluant les communautés les plus pauvres du Manitoba, renforce la marginalisation, la pauvreté et les risques de santé dans les communautés autochtones.Alternate :Could a philanthropic model aimed at community development enforce colonial policy rather than providing equitable economic opportunity? This research analyzes the transcripts of 20 public webinars on philanthropy and the Indian Act and maps the 54 community foundations in Manitoba, Canada. All 54 community foundations in Manitoba service only settler-dominated cities and municipalities, with none on Native communities. As community foundations serve only their specific geographical areas, the community foundations in Manitoba effectively concentrate wealth in settler-dominated cities and municipalities, taking away needed resources from Native communities. In excluding the poorest communities in Manitoba, this philanthropic model further entrenches marginalization, poverty, and health risks for Native people on Native communities.

University to Tambon (U2T) program and sustainable community development during COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand

The Thai government created proactive policies designed to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic while it developed durable interventions after the crisis ended. One such intervention, the U2T program ('University to Tambon") used universities to partner with communities to create lasting changes in areas such as sustainable community development. Using Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), one case study is presented that addresses income insecurity among community elders. Qualitative data was collected through participant observation, interviews of participants (N = 36) and focus group members (N = 30) and augmented by needs assessments and asset mapping. The income generating activities for the elderly germinated from using PAR and ABCD. Themes that emerge from the data involve buttressing bridging capital in the Tambons and developing linking capital to expand and create new networks outside the community. The results suggest that universities can facilitate community development via PAR and ABCD.

Shifting from Economic Poverty to Prosperity: The Challenge for Indigenous Communitie: Revue Canadienne de Recherche sur les OSBL et l'Économie Sociale (ANSERJ)

Only three self-funded second- stage women's shelters in First Nation communities were found in Canada. [...]maps show that no community foundations are available on reserves in Manitoba. Under the circumstances, the inequitable playing field that Canada has set up for First Nation communities, through the Indian Act and Canada Revenue Agency rules among others, is hidden from sight. [...]the role of the social economy in the settler state is never questioned or changed. [...]the social inequities rampant in Indigenous communities are never exposed or dealt with. First Nations include few or no community foundations, community colleges, notfor- profit training centers, and food banks. [...]rather than First Nations people controlling their own land and territories, the Crown holds land and resources in trust under the Indian Act.

Consensus organizing: Facilitating community change

Community organizing is the process of helping communities work together to identify and solve problems. Most organizing approaches focus on empowering and strengthening communities to solve their own problems. Locality development is a neighborhood based organizing approach to engage a broad range of key stakeholders in developing goals and taking civic action. Consensus organizing focuses on five key strategic principles and nine basic steps. There are several examples of how consensus organizing has been used to engage residents and build their capacity to create community change in community development, family services, violence prevention, and equitable development. Consensus organizing is a vehicle through which social workers can address contemporary issues that continue to impact the individuals, families, groups, and communities with which we work, including racial injustices, police brutality, as well as health, housing, food, and other equity issues exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Consensus organizers engage in advocacy and peaceful protests around inequity and racial injustices. However, they also work to create mutual interests and solutions around these long-term problems, authentically engaging residents and those affected by problems to lead the creation of solutions to some of society's most pressing issues. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Community Resilience Assessment and Identification of Barriers in the Context of Population Aging: A Case Study of Changchun City, China

As a susceptible demographic, elderly individuals are more prone to risks during sudden disasters. With the exacerbation of aging, new challenges arise for urban disaster reduction and prevention. To address this, the key is to establish a community-scale resilience assessment framework based on the aging background and to summarize factors that influence the resilience level of communities. This approach is a crucial step towards seeking urban disaster prevention and reduction from the bottom up, and serves as an important link to enhance the capacity of urban disaster reduction. This paper explores community resilience evaluation indicators under the background of aging, builds a community resilience evaluation index system based on the Pressure–State–Response, uses the entropy weight method to weigh the indicators, and carries out a resilience evaluation of 507 communities in the main urban area of Changchun. The empirical results indicate significant spatial differentiation of community resilience in the main urban area of Changchun. Moreover, the regional development is unbalanced, showing a spatial distribution pattern of weakness in the middle and strength in the periphery. The ring road network highlights the difference between the new and old urban areas. The high contribution indexes of community resilience in the main urban area of Changchun were concentrated on disaster relief materials input, community self-rescue ability, and disaster cognition ability. Finally, strategies to improve community resilience are proposed from the perspectives of stress, state, and response, emphasizing community residents' participation, conducting disaster prevention and reduction training, and improving community response-ability.

Fashion localism: evaluation and extensions of utility in Sri Lankan fashion brands

PurposeLocalism refers to a concept that encourages local production, consumption and promotion of goods. It is a movement to encourage consumers and businesses to purchase from locally owned, independent businesses that has grown rapidly in the past decade. However, localism remains understudied by researchers. This study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the localism movement by capturing the dynamism of fashion localism in the context of the Sri Lankan fashion retail sector.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a qualitative exploratory approach, the authors conducted a series of in-depth interviews with 12 fashion practitioners.FindingsBased on the findings, the authors propose a conceptual model of fashion localism consisting of eight themes: fashion localism design approach, locally sourced staples, land ethic, employee development, community development, consumer, regulations and limitations and future opportunities.Originality/valueThis research sheds some light on localism literature by capturing the dynamism of fashion localism. In particular, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this research is the first study in marketing to propose a conceptual model of fashion localism. This research further points out certain managerial implications by illustrating a few practical approaches to the concept of localism within the Sri Lankan fashion retail sector.

‘I believe in building people up': A call for attention to asset-based community development in geographical framings of poverty in the global North

This paper calls for human geographers examining poverty in the global North to attend more to asset-based community development (ABCD) poverty interventions in order to complement geographers' current foci on how people experience and respond to poverty. ABCD is a community movement that originated in the USA that emphasises principles of focusing on gifts and assets rather than deficits, and on relationships at the neighbourhood level. In doing so, ABCD starts from what is ‘strong' rather than ‘wrong' in order to work towards community transformation. This paper's focus on ABCD emerges from an ethnography with a community following ABCD on an estate in Birmingham, UK. The housing estate in which the ethnography was conducted is an area of relatively high UK deprivation. However, the ethnography drew out how, through ABCD intertwined with a Christian ethos, local volunteers and community workers endeavoured to reframe the questions being asked of and by the community in order to focus on people's gifts, foster neighbour-to-neighbour support, and shun stigma. In conclusion, the paper argues that giving more attention to ABCD poverty interventions will complement human geographers' existing attention to poverty in the global North by broadening our foci, including to question whether ABCD interventions could be used more widely to combat both the existence and experience of poverty. However, this comes with a warning: in giving more attention to assets, we must be careful to avoid romanticising poverty, and so this must be alongside existing geographical attention to austerity and welfare provision. The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG). © 2023 The Author. Area published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers).

Care-based community communication, capacity, and agency during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the Complexo da Maré Favela, Brazil.

Scholars and officials have argued that the strengthening of communities and community-led development constitute an important policy goal in the fight against emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, most strategies to address such crises fail to consider the significance of community-driven solutions, community-level knowledge, and actors. At the same time, researchers have recognized that communication, such as through local newspapers, promotes community development by increasing communities' social capital and cohesion. But the role of community communication in the encouragement and exercise of other levels of agency and in the development of community capacity, including to address emergencies, remains underexplored. This article investigates whether and how community journalists in a Rio de Janeiro favela have expressed and sought to develop favela residents' individual and collective agency during the COVID-19 pandemic. We do so by analyzing thematically the COVID-19 virus-related articles that appeared in a community-based newspaper, Maré Online, between March and September 2020. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with Maré Online reporters to augment our analysis and supplemented that data with participant observation of relevant virtual community-led organizing meetings and events. Our study shows how community-based journalists revealed and promoted individual and collective agency through what we term a "care-based, participatory solutions journalism," which supported favela residents' "communicative freedom" as conceptualized by Benhabib (2013). This analysis stresses the connection between communicative freedom and community capacity. It illustrates the importance of community-produced communication in development of and in community, especially when those populations are pejoratively framed in the media, public policy, and often also, research.

How E-Government Can Help Societies during a Crisis: Implications of UTAUT Model in Lebanon

Introduction: Information and communication technology (ICT) usage has grown rapidly, with a significant rise following the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assesses the relationships among task-technology fit, sense of virtual community, and the continuous intention to use electronic government services (e-government). Methods: Through quantitative approach using surveys, a total of 390 data was obtained from registered citizens in Tripoli municipality during the pandemic. The data were analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: The mediating role of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model was observed, which shows that task-technology fit, sense of virtual community, and the consideration of society and its development are essential factors for citizens to use ICTs. Systems should entail features that meet the needs of citizens, community-building elements, and satisfactory performance. The importance of e-government ICTs in community development, particularly in a fragile state such as Tripoli, Lebanon, is the highlight of the current results. This can be beneficial for governmental authorities in the region of the Middle East, helping them to increase communication effectiveness by implementing appropriate digital means for the public during a crisis. Community development is a highly effective aspect that governments can implement in their digital services to provide opportunities for learning, awareness, and social progress to the public.

The Role of Community Based Tourism in Avoiding Overtourism

Overtourism is one of the terms that has appeared in the literature recently, meaning the excessive number of tourists and the impacts of their flows on local communities and ecology. The increase in anti-tourism events around the world is a significant indicator of the effects of overtourism on communities. The underlying reason for the problem is mainly based on the decisions which were taken in a hurry, without proper evaluation, consideration of necessary matters, and often without active participation and inclusion of communities. Community development intends to flourish social, economic, environmental and cultural welfare and prosperity of communities, particularly made up of disadvantaged and marginalized people. Community based tourism development is one of the key factors to avoid that senseless anti-tourism sentiment and proceed to bring societies and cultures closer together through developing understanding and contact. Growing guest arrivals inflict an intense pressure on the environment and local community and their culture in a destination, thereby deteriorating both the quality of tourists' experiences and the life quality of local people. Rapid growth in tourism and undesirable condensation disrupt the sustainability of a destination causing local community and other stakeholders no more show any interest in further tourism development and making them feel they suffer since their access to opportunities, comfort, and health etc. is inhibited. It is significant that the technological revolution and intense usage of social media by tourists have been triggers to overtourism. However, COVID-19 Pandemic period may be an opportunity to invest both in technology and the further to help mitigate overtourism after COVID-19 when the crowd come back. In this context, this chapter explains the importance of community development in tourism and indicates considering community frustration to avoid adverse effects of tourism, in particular overtourism, and mentions how technology could be utilized in this period. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.

Protected area management effectiveness and COVID-19: the case of Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia. (Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation.)

The decline in economic activities and tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the pressure on the environment and protected area (PA) systems to some extent. However, the financial losses within nature-based tourism due to travel restrictions and park closures will negatively impact tourism income-dependent PAs' management effectiveness. This exploratory study incorporates a risk-assessment framework to investigate and provide first insights into the pandemic's influence on the delivery of management outputs in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia. Although in 2020, this PA faced a 75% decline in overall revenue compared to the year before, analysis suggests that, in the short term, conservation-related outputs are least affected. Visitor management and PA efforts to support the local community's sustainable development are the most severely impacted first-order outputs. Third-order nature-based tourism-related outputs face average to high risks. This study's risk-assessment framework provides a starting point for a post-pandemic reassessment of the delivery of PA management outputs and decision-making about output prioritisation and resource allocation. Results suggest several new avenues for research.

Resident's quality of life through community-based tourism

The impact of community-based tourism (CBT) on residents' quality of life (QOL) has been realized in many aspects, concerning attitude, physical, environmental, and relationships in society. However, several positive and negative factors influence QOL, and few studies have explored these factors. Focusing on measuring the significant CBT factors that have not been previously explored and examined, this study explored factors that influence QOL in CBT using factor analysis. The results show that CBT factors measuring residents' QOL, such as economic, public administration, technology, external actors, and social inequalities in several community-based attributes, can measure the effect on residents' QOL. This study emphasizes that CBT factors are suitably performed and managed can dynamically reduce and alleviate the impacts on residents' QOL. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Creating community and building connection through play: An improvisational response to the coronavirus pandemic

Responding to the call for 'social distancing' people around the world engaged in play together via the internet. While these activities could be seen as a diversion, they can also be understood as, along with wearing masks , essential to people surviving the pandemic. This qualitative study explores the experiences of people who participated in Creating Connection and Building Community Through Play, a series of five synchronous improvisational play sessions on Zoom. The sessions averaged 83 people with a total of 287 individuals from 29 countries participating in one or more sessions. Analysis revealed that virtual activities focused on relationality, improvisation and play provided people with connection and community in the midst of isolation, and that co-creating these experiences was emotionally healing for many. The findings advance our understanding of the importance of adult play for building and maintaining emotional health, creating community, and responding to ongoing challenges. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

COVID-19, driver of changes in tourism demand in Ecuador

Ecuador is a tourist destination for the American continent with a predominance of exuberant landscapes and a seductive historical and cultural richness. The direct incidence of COVID-19 has transformed the usual tourist patterns and favoured the identification of new leisure possibilities in rural areas. The aim of the article is to assess the changes in tourism demand in Ecuador and the potential of rural tourism for the revival of the sector. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were applied, including analytical-synthetic, hypothetical-deductive and documentary review, in support of the search for information and its systematisation, while descriptive statistics were used to consolidate graphs and trends that reinforce the scientific basis of the research. This it possible to confirm that rural tourism is a high-impact niche market for diversifying the Ecuadorian economy, re-establishing tourist flows and contributing to the development and preservation of indigenous communities and their culture, as it guarantees the protection of existing ecosystems and their value as an attraction.

The role of organizational agility in community development corporations

This dissertation examined the role of organizational agility in community development corporations (CDCs). The aim of this study was twofold-(a) understand how leaders of CDCs may apply aspects of organizational agility to achieve the organization's mission, vision, and values, and (b) understand how leaders of CDCs view the influence of organizational agility on organization performance and sustainability. Due to the absence of literature on how organizational agility is viewed and demonstrated by CDCs, an inquiry into the role of organizational agility in CDCs was appropriate. Given the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the substantial disruption to communities, the pandemic provided a unique opportunity to examine organizational agility and CDCs. This study used an exploratory qualitative methodology and purposeful sampling to examine the effects of agility on CDCs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample in this study included 19 research participants across seven CDCs in a city in the Northeast region of the Unites States. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and data analysis was thematic. A theoretical framework, the Michel Model was used to help examine the multiple and complex dimensions of organizational agility and CDCs. Results of this study included-(a) leaders of CDCs have an understanding of agility in order to best respond to contextual factors and meet the needs of the communities they serve and (b) leaders of CDCs did demonstrate organizational agility in response to contextual factors to meet the needs of the communities they serve. Furthermore, this study provided several implications for practicing leaders of CDCs. Implications for practice include: (a) understanding agility and its importance for organizational development. (b) understanding agility principles and the benefit to responding to contextual factors in the environment, (c) understanding how agility could have a positive impact on the operational and financial performance of the organization, and (d) understanding agility at as a strategic management philosophy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Glocalizing creative hub concept for Malaysian creative city development: a conceptual review

The creative hub concept is gaining popularity globally as a tool within the creative economy to generate socio-economic and cultural values for societal and community development. Though the concept is nascent and the creative hub itself can be manifested in variegated forms, the notion is oftentimes linked to urban development particularly the way creative hubs are found to be subsumed and contribute towards the growth of creative industries en route the formation of a creative city. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to explore the creative hub concept and the way this global concept it is being understood, adopted and adapted locally amidst Malaysian local nuances. Based on secondary data sources, a systematic literature review was conducted to review global definitions, concepts, examples and illustrate how creative hubs are linked to creative city development and sustainable urban development. Literature review based on similar themes for the Malaysian context showed that the creative hub concept is also variegated, and each hub is shaped by the initiators, funding model and formation purpose of either commercial, social or culture and artistic. The paper concludes that reconceptualization of Malaysian creative hubs is timely and apt by taking into consideration also elements like location, culture-specificity and the influence of ICT as the creative hub concept, its form and operations morph and navigate in response to the current global COVID-19 pandemic. The implications that derive from this study will have conceptual, practical and policy implications when adopting and adapting the creative hub concept for the Malaysian context.

‘The Swedish Strategy' to COVID-19 Pandemic:Impact on Vulnerable and Marginalised Communities

All around the world the COVID-19 pandemic is having an enormous impact on people's lives. Contrary to many other countries, Sweden has opted against lockdown. The Swedish Government has put trust in its people and has advised them to be responsible and follow the recommendations and guidelines of the Public Health Agency of Sweden. Using the Interest Theory of Rights, this article discusses the impact of the Swedish response to COVID-19 on three different Swedish communities, and considers the implications of such a strategy on social development. Data was collected from different national and international media sources as well as from Swedish authorities' websites. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data with the help of ATLAS-ti.8.4. The findings section discusses how three community groups in Sweden—the elderly, immigrants from marginalised areas and prisoners—are having their rights altered during this pandemic period. It also outlines different social development approaches being used in Sweden for tackling the challenges relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article concludes that a strong democratic state is vital in managing a pandemic such as COVID-19. It also argues that the strength of a state largely depends on its citizens' willpower to take ownership of responsibilities—both individually and collectively.

Women Suffering from Multiple Sources of Oppression in Upper Egypt: A Case Study of Intersectional Targeting and Integrated Development Interventions as the Way Out

Scholars in the field of gender and development are strong advocates of the concept of "intersectionality," first coined by Crenshaw in 1989, as a way of thinking about how marginalized groups may be subjected to oppression from various sources. The main purpose of this research is to make a case for how intersectional targeting, together with integrated development interventions, can be useful in helping vulnerable individuals, specifically women, suffering from multiple sources of poverty and oppression. A case study, coupled with in-depth field interviews, was the method employed for assessing the application of an intersectional lens by a nonprofit development organization (ENID) that targets vulnerable poor, illiterate, and unemployed women living in marginalized rural communities in South Egypt and employs integrated development interventions to get them out of poverty. Working on upgrading basic services, promoting small and micro enterprises, fostering sustainable agricultural development, initiating a program for knowledge dissemination and policy advocacy were some of the features of the integrated development approach utilized by ENID. The research findings indicated that ENID activities may have had a positive impact on reducing poverty and empowering women in the rural villages of South Egypt. Many challenges were faced related to government bureaucracy, restrictive cultural norms, and the COVID-19 pandemic. However, on the positive side, poverty was reported to have declined by 14.5% in absolute terms from 2015-2018 in Qena governorate where ENID works. More investments are being directed to the region, and the women beneficiaries attest to lifechanging experiences, enhanced self-confidence, and empowerment.